Main Linguistic Factors of Mother Tongue Interference in Learning English as A Second Language

Rukije Lamçja
Faculty of Foreign Languages, University of Tirana, Albania

Abstract

Abstract This paper explores the phenomena of interlanguage and overgeneralization in second language acquisition (SLA), focusing on their roles in shaping learner language development. Second language acquisition (SLA) is the process through which individuals learn a language other than their native tongue, often resulting in a developmental progression marked by systematic stages and recurring patterns. Interlanguage is analyzed as a transitional linguistic system created in learners, influenced by both their native language (L1) and the target language (L2). The paper emphasizes that overgeneralization—where learners apply language rules too broadly—is a common feature of interlanguage and reflects underlying cognitive strategies rather than mere errors. Through a review of relevant theories and empirical examples, the paper highlights how interlanguage and overgeneralization can both hinder and facilitate language learning. It argues for a pedagogical perspective that views these phenomena as essential stages in the path toward language competence, rather than obstacles to be eradicated.

Presentation