Age-Specific Considerations in Anticoagulant Therapy: Mechanisms, Dosing, and Safety Across Life Stages

Aurora Napuce Brace
Albanian University,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy

Abstract

Anticoagulant therapy is a cornerstone in the management of thromboembolic disorders such as venous thromboembolism (VTE), atrial fibrillation (AF), and myocardial infarction (MI). The pharmacodynamics of anticoagulants are influenced by several factors, including age, comorbidities, and genetic predisposition. This paper provides an in-depth review of the pharmacology, clinical use, and age-specific considerations of commonly prescribed anticoagulants. Special focus is placed on pediatric, adult, and elderly populations, considering the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences that impact drug efficacy and safety. The review highlights the evolving role of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), their comparative effectiveness, safety profiles, and challenges in age-related dosing. By emphasizing individualized treatment strategies, this review aims to optimize therapeutic outcomes and minimize adverse events related to anticoagulant therapy.

Presentation