Why is the Coverage of Pneumonia Case Detection on Children under Five Years-Old Still Considered as Low in Sleman?

Abstract

Pneumonia is one of the deadliest diseases for children under five years-old throughout the world. In Indonesia, pneumonia is the second deadliest disease after diarrhea. In 2015-2016, the Coverage of pneumonia case detection on children under five years-old increased from 22.33 percent to 36.06 percent but it had not achieved the detection target (-85 percent). A program evaluation needs to conduct, consequently. The evaluation aims to observe the implementation of pneumonia investigation program on children under five years-old in Sleman in 2016. The evaluation used a descriptive design performed in June-July 2017. The research subject was the program of Upper Respiratory Infection (ISPA, Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut) implemented in community health centers (puskesmas, pusat kesehatan masyarakat). Twenty respondents as the sample were chosen by using the purposive sampling technique. The surveillance evaluation employed the input, activities, and output. The instruments were structural questionnaires and checklist sheets. The analysis result was presented in forms of tabulation and narration. From the input facet, 100 percent respondents have not had any special trainings related to pneumonia. 55 percent respondents have interlocking jobs with the longest service time of three years or more (75 percent). 70 percent respondents are able to show ARI Soundtimer. There are only 10 percent respondents holding the media of communication, information, and education (KIE, Komunikasi, Informasi, dan Edukasi) in forms of flipchart and leaflet; while 100 percent respondents admit that they have no stamp seal of URI. The proses facet displays that 100 percent respondents do not arrange any plan. The case investigation is only passive (100 percent). 80 percent respondents do socialization of case management and only 15 percent respondents perform a home visit. 100 percent respondents have not held trainings for responsible people, alert villages, and private midwives. From the output facet, the scope of case investigation is still low (36.06 percent).The implementation of pneumonia case investigation program on children under five years-old has been well executed but there are still weaknesses. Hence, public health offices (dinas kesehatan) should improve their human resources by arran ging a training program, equalize the use of breath counting tool and make MoU with all health services to report pneumonia cases. Community health centers are recommended to arrange plans, actively attempt to discover pneumonia cases, and train the responsible people, centers for pre-and postnatal health care (posyandu, pos pelayanan terpadu), or midwives related to the subject of pneumonia.